![]() 1855 ‒ 68) were regnant rulers who wished to modernise their respective realms with the help of Western powers. 1782 ‒ 99) and Emperor Tewodros of Ethiopia (r. This article is concerned with the biographic and historical background of Haidar ‘Ali and Tipu Sultan and aims to furnish a concerted account of their rule by consulting fresh printed and unprinted primary sources in English, French and German. Few scholars have given a balanced account of his rule by depicting both his autocratic style of leadership, as well as the pragmatic features and proto-modernising aspects of his rule. In the extant literature, Tipu is either being idealised as an “enlightened” ruler or described as a pre-modern despot. In turn, Tipu was an educated autocrat, fond of administrative, socio-economic, military, and technological inventions and innovations which he intended to use in the struggle against the British occupying forces in South India. Highly skilled in administrative, military and diplomatic realms, he initiated the proto-modernisation of the army and took some important measures towards the establishment of a central state. Haidar, a rather cautious and pragmatic autocrat who could neither read nor write, ruled within the framework of the traditional Mughal system of governance. 1750-99)-were amongst the first South and West Asian rulers to unleash a process of administrative, socio-economic and military proto-modernisation. The progressive forces in the country have appreciated the scholarship and statesmanship of the President of India.ĭuring the second half of the eighteenth century, the first Muslim rulers of Mysore-Haidar ‘Ali (c. Tipu Sultan will continue to be the fragrant flower, success story, milestone and role model in Indian history. The martyrdom of Tipu Sultan laid a strong foundation for the national freedom movement in India. Mahathma Gandhi and Pandit Nehru had paid rich tributes to the yeoman contributions of Tipu Sultan. ![]() Tipu had fought against the alien rulers shoulder to shoulder along with the Hindu brothers. ![]() Tipu has been identified with the tiger since he had awesome power and demonstrated his fight against colonialism. ![]() Tipu Sultan is a fascinating figure of the 18 th century who offered his blood to write the history of free India. Tipu was determined to liberate the country from the foreign yoke and establish a model State of Mysore based on egalitarianism. The vision, adventurism, diplomacy and developmentalism of Tipu Sultan were crucial factors from the point of view of political stability and all-round development of Mysore state. ![]()
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